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Positioning. The subject stands with the arm hanging, the elbow extended and the wrist in neutral position (between pronation and supination,and between flexion and extension). The examiner stands level with the subject’s elbow. The contralateral arm lifts and carries the elbow and keeps it extended. The hand stabilizes the forearm. The other hand is placed […] Positioning. The subject stands with the arm hanging and the elbow bent to a right angle. The examiner stands in front of the subject. Both hands encircle the distal forearm in such a way that the heel of the contralateral hand is placed against the volar part of the ulna and the fingers of the […] Over the olecranon lies the olecranon bursa,which is only really palpable when it becomes inflamed and swollen.Keep the subject’s elbow flexed. Palpate for the upper border (apex) of the olecranon. Feel just lateral to this apex for the insertion of the tendon of the triceps muscle. Move the fingers upwards: a broad and flat tendon […] Ask the subject to contract the biceps. Place the thumb and fingers in the indentations on both sides of the bicipital tendon (the lateral and medial bicipital grooves) and now ask for an isometric nexion. Under the fingers – and behind the biceps tendon – the contraction of the brachialis muscle can be felt. During […] If the medial posterior aspect of the elbow is accidentally hit, pain can be felt radiating to the fourth and fifth fingers of the hand. The ulnar nerve runs along the medial edge of the elbow just behind the epicondyle to which the flexor muscles of the wrist are attached. In throwing or racket sports […] The pectoral muscle has its origin on the anterior chest wall and its insertion on the anterior surface of the upper part of the humerus. Its function is to draw the upper arm towards the chest and to rotate the arm inwards. When it is subjected to a heavy load, the pectoral muscle can tear. […] The usual cause of bleeding into a bursa is a direct impact such as a fall. It may also be caused indirectly by tendon rupture or by bleeding within a joint to which the bursa is connected. Blood within the bursa causes chemical irritation, and in severe cases, may clot and cause adhesion of connective […] Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs whose function is to reduce friction, distribute stress, and protect the underlying structures. They may be found between a bone and a tendon, between two tendons, or between a bone or tendon and the overlying skin. There are a number of permanent bursae around the hips, knees, feet, shoulders, and […] SYMPTOMS There is acute onset of pain and bleeding around the triceps, tendor insection at the olecranon of the elbow, and loss of extension power. AETIOLOGY This is an injury occurring from an excessive eccentric contraction or direct impact to the elbow, often affecting players in contact sports. Occasionally an avulsion fracture may […] Introduction The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) can become stretched, frayed or torn through the stress of repetitive throwing motions. Professional pitchers have been the athletes treated most often for this problem. Javelin throwers and football, racquet sports, ice hockey, and water polo players have also been reported to injure the UCL. A fall on an […] |
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