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Ligament injuries (pain) in athletes are common, particularly around the knee and the ankle. They also occur in the shoulder, elbow, and thumb. Functional Anatomy Ligaments are attached to the two bones that compose the joint. Ligaments provide stability to the joint, while still allowing motion. They cannot actively resist motion, but provide a ‘check […] Open wounds Open wounds are common among athletes, particularly those who play contact sports such as soccer, American football, rugby, and ice hockey. Riders, orienteers, and cyclists, who are likely to sustain falls on to hard surfaces, are also vulnerable. The way in which a wound is inflicted determines its nature and extent, and the […] Nerve Damage Treatment in Singapore Injuries to the peripheral nerves are relatively common, and, if unrecognized can have a devastating effect on the athlete. These nerves can be damaged especially by compression or traction. When nerves such as the common peroneal nerve at the proximal fibula head or the ulnar nerve at the medial epicondyle […] Overuse of the adductor muscle-tendon unit The muscles that draw the leg inwards (adduct at the hip joint) are primarily the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, the adductor brevis, and the pectineus muscles. The gracilis muscle and the lower fibers of the gluteus maximus also work as adductors. However, it is usually the adductor longus […] Dorsal impaction is a chronic pain syndrome caused by repetitive axial loading of the wrist in dorsiflexion. This injury is common in young gymnasts. Symptoms – Pain is felt on the back of the wrist. – The pain is increased with dorsiflexion and loading of the wrist. Treatment Treatment should include: – modification of training […] Tears of the deltoid muscle, though infrequent, do occur in team handball and volleyball players, American footballers, weightlifters, wrestlers, and other athletes. The muscle is damaged in most cases by direct impact, but it can also be injured by overuse. The tear affects only a small part of the muscle, making it difficult to raise […] Injury of the subscapularis tendon The subscapularis muscle (which originates on the inner surface of the scapula, runs anterior to the shoulder joint, and is inserted high into the anterior aspect of the head of the humerus) is the most important internal rotator of the upper arm. Its tendon can be affected by partial or […] Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs whose function is to reduce friction, distribute stress, and protect the underlying structures. They may be found between a bone and a tendon, between two tendons, or between a bone or tendon and the overlying skin. There are a number of permanent bursae around the hips, knees, feet, shoulders, and […] Attachment of a muscle to bone involves a gradual transition from muscle-tendon to cartilage and from mineralized cartilage to bone. Bone-tendon junctions are poorly supplied with blood because the fibrocartilage creates a ‘barrier’; this may explain why these injuries often take a long time to heal and may become chronic. Inflammation of the muscle-tendon attachment […] Repetitive one-sided movements or persistent mechanical irritation may cause an inflammatory reaction in the tendon sheath, and a minor inflammatory reaction in the tendon itself. The condition frequently becomes chronic and can be difficult to treat. Location The Achilles tendon peritenon is mostly affected, along with the sheath and the tendons of the long head […] |
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